Chem Question On Covalent Bonds , Its Easy Im Just Confused!?

please explain, thanks!
1. WHat determines bond length?
2. How are bond energies and bond lengths related?
3. Describe the general location of the electrons in a covalent bond.
4.As applied to a covalent bonding what is meant by an unshared or lone pair of electrons?
5. describe the octet rule in terms of noble gases configurations and potential energy.
THANKS!!!best answer gets 10!

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2 Responses to “Chem Question On Covalent Bonds , Its Easy Im Just Confused!?”

  1. 1 Bond length is the length of a bond, which is distance between the two nuclei of the atoms. The size of the atoms is important as well as the strength of the bond. The bond distance is the balance between forces of attraction (of one nucleus for the electron cloud of the other atom) and repulsion (between two nuclei).
    2. In general, the shorter the bond is, the harder it is to break, and therefore the higher the bond energy.
    3. Electrons are all around the nucleus, but in a covalent bond they are more likely to be found between the two nuclei.
    4. An unshared pair/lone pair is a pair of electrons that is in the valence shell of an atom but NOT part of the covalent bond. It’s usually drawn as a pair of dots on the atom itself, as opposed to a dash in between the atoms.
    5. Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to achive a full set of valence electrons, similar to the electron configurations of the noble gases. This makes them stable and minimizes their potential energy. Bonded atoms are more stable than non-bonded atoms.

  2. 1. The bond length depends on which elements are involved.
    2. The stronger the bond, the shorter the length
    3. Between the two atoms
    4. Electrons that are not part of the bond but that occupy an orbital on one (and only one) of the atoms
    5. To be stable, any atoms (except hydrogen) engaged in covalent bonding must have eight electrons around it – that’s the combination of shared and unshared electrons. Note that this rule of 8 makes the atom look like a noble gas.